英语副词常见用法
一.一般副词的用法
在许多情况下,副词都放在所修饰的动词后面或句末。如:
The girl dan艘早祓胂ces very well.
这个女孩跳舞跳得好。
We must work hard.
我们必须努力工作。
He does his work very carefully.
他做工作非常仔细。
I want to see the film very much.
我很想看这部电影。
有时也放在主语后面,谓语动词前面(对动作加以强调)。如:
He angrily closed the door.
他生气地把门关上了。
置于句中的副词,若碰上助动词,则通常放在助动词之后、主要动词之前:
He has just left for work.
他刚刚离开去上班。
We have already read the book.
我们都已读过这本书。
二.频度副词在句中的位置
频度副词表示动作发生的次数,常见的有ever, never, seldom, sometimes, often, always 等,它们通常位于实意动词之前,动词 be、助动词、情态动词之后。如:
He never reads such books.
他从不读那种书。
He often comes to school late. / He is often late for school.
他上学常迟到。
有时为了强调,频度副词也可位于动词、be、助动词等之前:
She always was late.
她老是迟到。
为了强调等原因,有时频度副词可位于句首或句末(尤其受 very, only修饰时):
Very often the phone rings when I’m in the bath.
电话经常在我洗澡时响起。
Do you go to the cinema very often?
你常去看电影吗?
三.副词位置对句意的影响
有时副词位置的不同会导致句子意义的改变。如:
Tom alone is coming.
只有汤姆要来。(alone 位于被修饰的名词或代词后,意为“只有”)
Tom is coming alone.
汤姆将一个人来。(alone 在此修饰动词come,意为“独自”)
Only I kissed her last night.
昨晚只有我吻了她(即别人没吻她)。
I only kissed her last night.
昨晚我只是吻了她(即没干别的事)。
I kissed only her last night.
昨晚我吻的只有她(即没吻过别人)。
I kissed her only last night [last night only].
我只是在昨晚才吻了她(即其他时候未吻过)。
They secretly decided to leave the town.
他们秘密决定离开这个城市。
They decided to leave the town secretly.
他们决定秘密地离开这个城市。
He answered the question foolishly.
他对这个问题作了愚蠢的回答。
四.用作宾语补足语。如:
Please ask him in, please.
请叫他进来。
I’m pleased to see you back.
看到你回来了我很高兴。
一般说来,只有能用作表语的副词才可用作宾语补足语。
五. 用作定语。如:
Is there anything on tonight?
今晚有什么活动吗?
The people there were very friendly.
那儿的人很友好。